工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(Industrial?Personal?Computer)通俗的(de)(de)說就是(shi)專門(men)為工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)現場而(er)(er)(er)設(she)計(ji)的(de)(de)計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)電(dian)腦(nao)(nao)的(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境要(yao)惡劣，有些好的(de)(de)品牌機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)確實能(neng)在(zai)相同(tong)(tong)(tong)環(huan)(huan)境運行，或(huo)許還能(neng)穩(wen)定，但不能(neng)保(bao)證長時(shi)間穩(wen)定工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，很(hen)多(duo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作在(zai)無(wu)人(ren)區，是(shi)不允許有任何(he)錯誤的(de)(de)，穩(wen)定高于(yu)性能(neng)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)在(zai)電(dian)子元件的(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)料(liao)上(shang)就要(yao)不同(tong)(tong)(tong)于(yu)普(pu)通商(shang)務(wu)電(dian)腦(nao)(nao)，也是(shi)成(cheng)本差別(bie)。市場面(mian)也不同(tong)(tong)(tong)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)接口(kou)需求(qiu)(qiu)在(zai)現在(zai)家用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)腦(nao)(nao)上(shang)有些已經被淘(tao)汰，而(er)(er)(er)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)電(dian)腦(nao)(nao)則需求(qiu)(qiu)而(er)(er)(er)且(qie)超(chao)常規。系統架(jia)構不全相同(tong)(tong)(tong)，只(zhi)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)做了某些特殊設(she)計(ji)保(bao)持了其與(yu)普(pu)通商(shang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)硬(ying)件互換性。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)在(zai)可靠性、穩(wen)定性、耐候性、抗(kang)震(zhen)性、防水(shui)防塵性、抗(kang)干(gan)擾(rao)性、可擴展性、EMC兼容性能(neng)等方面(mian)肯定要(yao)優(you)于(yu)商(shang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，元器(qi)件多(duo)是(shi)選用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)級甚至部分(fen)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)軍用(yong)(yong)(yong)級的(de)(de)，這樣才能(neng)適應工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)現場環(huan)(huan)境的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)現場一(yi)(yi)般具(ju)(ju)有強烈(lie)的(de)(de)震(zhen)動，灰塵特別(bie)多(duo)，另有很(hen)高的(de)(de)電(dian)磁場力干(gan)擾(rao)等特點，且(qie)一(yi)(yi)般工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠均是(shi)連續(xu)作業(ye)即一(yi)(yi)年中一(yi)(yi)般沒有休息(xi)。因此，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)與(yu)普(pu)通計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)相比必須具(ju)(ju)有以(yi)下特點：

      1)機箱采用鋼結構，有較高的防磁、防塵、防沖擊的能力。
      2)機箱內有專用底板，底板上有PCI和ISA插槽。
      3)機箱內有專門電源，電源有較強的抗干擾能力。
      4)要求具有連續長時間工作能力。
      5)一般采用便于安裝的標準機箱(4U標準機箱較為常見)